Parts of the Respiratory System

Thursday in class we reviewed diffusion (movement from high to low concentration -ex gas exchange between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries). We also reviewed how the pressure change in inhalation and exhalation works via the diaphragm.

Inhale - pressure is higher outside so air rushes in as the diaphragm contracts and pulls down to make the thoracic cavity larger to allow the lungs to expand. (Inspiration in the video below)

Exhale - pressure is higher in the lungs so air is forced out by the diaphragm relaxes and making the thoracic cavity smaller. (Expiration in the video below)

Finally, we began to delve into the structure and function of the respiratory system. Remember structure and function is one of our main topics this term. Here are a few that we talked about on Thursday. We will finish the parts on Saturday.

Mouth - take in air
Nose -takes in air and lined with mucus membranes and hairs to filter particles out, the blood also warms the air (remember air then goes through the pharynx/larynx - Saturday)
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea - tubular and ridged with cartilage.  allows air to get to the lungs and the rings prevent it from closing
Bronchi (2)
Bronchioles
Aveoli - stretchy air sacs with lots of surface area "bunch of grapes." where gas exchange happens. high surface area allows for more exchange, while the stretch allows for expansion when filled with gases.