Monday, quiz and pineapple wrap up

Today you had your quiz and then we wrapped up the pineapple lab. Make sure you can answer the following questions about enzymes.

1. What are enzymes?
2.What is an active site?
3. What things in the enzyme's environment can denature it?
4. What is the molecule an enzyme acts on?
5. How does the environment affect an enzyme's function?
6. What happens to the collagen in gelatin when you dissolve it in hot water and then refridgerate it?


We then went over the basics of bacterial growth (which is by binary fission).Here is a great site on bacterial growth and the stages.

From the cellsalive site:

LAG PHASE: Growth is slow at first, while the "bugs" acclimate to the food and nutrients in their new habitat.

LOG PHASE: Once the metabolic machinery is running, they start multiplying exponentially, doubling in number every few minutes.

STATIONARY PHASE: As more and more bugs are competing for dwindling food and nutrients, booming growth stops and the number of bacteria stabilizes.

DEATH PHASE: Toxic waste products build up, food is depleted and the bugs begin to die.

Homework for Thursday: Read and take notes on the 13.5 handout and then read the lab for thursday.

Design lab - Enzymes and how they work

On Tuesday you designed your own lab to test if different fruit juices had proteolytic enzymes. Your reasoning was that like pineapple juice, orange, grapefruit, and lemon were all acidic and that could correlate with the presence of the enzyme.

Below is your Protocol
Materials
Pineapple HT/RT, Orange HT/RT, Grapefruit HT/RT, Lemon (pasteurized) HT/RT.
9 Test tubes
Hotplate, beaker with water
Gelatin (source of the collagen)
Kettle to heat water
Thermometer
Clamp
Water
Tape, Marker

Methods
1. Label test tubes (Pineapple HT/RT, Orange HT/RT, Grapefruit HT/RT, Lemon (pasteurized) HT/RT, water)
2.  Prepare Gelatin, mix in 1 packet of gelatin with 1/4 cold water and stir to somewhat dissolved. Then add in 3/4 cup of hot/boiling water and stir till all dissolved. Let cool to RT.
3. Turn on hot plate to high
3. Pipette 3 mL of each juice into appropriate tubes
4. Place the tubes labeled HT into the beaker on the hot plate. When the temp reaches 85C remove the tubes and cool them to RT
5. Add 10 mL of gelatin to each tube (both RT and HT)
6. Place tubes in rack then in fridge
7. Clean up your bench space!


Results!
Below are your results. Can you answer the following questions?

Pineapple design results from lvilleDrFox


1. What claim can you make based on the results and the results from your previous lab?
2. What is your evidence for this claim?
3. How valid is your research? How can you make it better?
4. If you wanted to redesign the experiment, what would you change?

Cheese puffs nutrition label

A new year, a new system!

Today we started on the circulatory system by taking a brief reading quiz. Based on this, you should review your notes from you textbook and add any additional ideas/thoughts you missed.  We started a list of organs and tissues involved in the circulatory system:

Blood (RBC, WBC, Plasma)
Heart (Ventricles, Atria (Plural for Atrium))
      Left Ventricle - most muscular, under high pressure, pumps blood to rest of body, largest chamber
      Right Atrium - smallest, less muscular, under low pressure
      we will discuss the others as we move on
Veins - carry blood to the heart! have valves so blood doesn't flow backwards, thinner and less muscular
Venuoles - small veins
Arteries - carry blood away from the heart, thick and muscular, no valves, under high pressure
Arterioles - small arteries
Capillaries -where gas exchange occurs

Homework for tonight: Read entire lab and answer questions on pages 1-5. Below is also a video about Blood Pressure

4 vital signs lab from lvilleDrFox

Homework for Tuesday Dec 4

Your homework for tomorrow is to read and answer the embedded prelab questions. Don't forget to read through the website I gave you last week for your quiz tomorrow.

1 mouse homeostasis lab from lvilleDrFox