Monday, quiz and pineapple wrap up

Today you had your quiz and then we wrapped up the pineapple lab. Make sure you can answer the following questions about enzymes.

1. What are enzymes?
2.What is an active site?
3. What things in the enzyme's environment can denature it?
4. What is the molecule an enzyme acts on?
5. How does the environment affect an enzyme's function?
6. What happens to the collagen in gelatin when you dissolve it in hot water and then refridgerate it?


We then went over the basics of bacterial growth (which is by binary fission).Here is a great site on bacterial growth and the stages.

From the cellsalive site:

LAG PHASE: Growth is slow at first, while the "bugs" acclimate to the food and nutrients in their new habitat.

LOG PHASE: Once the metabolic machinery is running, they start multiplying exponentially, doubling in number every few minutes.

STATIONARY PHASE: As more and more bugs are competing for dwindling food and nutrients, booming growth stops and the number of bacteria stabilizes.

DEATH PHASE: Toxic waste products build up, food is depleted and the bugs begin to die.

Homework for Thursday: Read and take notes on the 13.5 handout and then read the lab for thursday.

Monday -Design lab

Today we reviewed your pineapple enzyme design labs and chose 2 possible ideas.

1. Independent Variable - juice type (orange, peach, grape, lemon).


2. Independent Variable - temperature (85, 60, 37, 24)

Part of your homework again tonight is to write up the PROCEDURE. You must have it written out when you arrive tomorrow.

Remember to use your original lab as a guide. You need to have a list of all the materials you need and then the steps (i.e. how to make the jello, how much to add to each tube, how many tubes does each group need). AND then a list of the IV, DEP, etc.

example from your original lab

1.      Label test tubes as “pineapple – hot,” “pineapple – RT,” “apple juice – hot,” “apple juice – RT,” and “water.”  Apply the tape at the top of the test tube with a “tail” as shown at right, so steam from the water bath does not remove the labels.

2.      Prepare gelatin in an appropriate beaker.

a.    Dissolve the contents of a gelatin packet in ¼ cup cold water.

b.    Add ¾ cup boiling water to the mixture and stir until completely dissolved.

3.      Pipette 3ml of juice or water into each test tube according to the labels, using transfer pipettes.  Do not cross-contaminate juices by using a pipette in different types of juice.

4.      Place your “hot” tubes in a beaker of water.  Heat the beaker on the hotplate until a thermometer in the water of the beaker reads 85°C.  Carefully remove the tubes from the heat.  Allow contents to come to room temperature (RT).

5.      Add 10 ml ROOM TEMPERATURE gelatin mixture to each test tube.  Use the big pipette for this and do not let the gelatin drip into the green pipetter.  Shake tubes well to ensure mixing of contents

6.      Refrigerate test tubes overnight.

We also reviewed the sickle cell gel electrophoresis handout. If asked could you answer the following questions..
1. What is the phenotype if someone is Aa? Explain
2. What is a recessive allele?
3. How do we use restriction enzymes to determine genotype of sickle cell?

The last part of your homework is the handout below

7 text homework 5 from lvilleDrFox

Homework for Monday

Please read the sports gene article I handed out on Saturday and answer the questions at the end.

Handouts for 3-28-13

Here are the 2 files from today on the 3 major experiments and DNA Structure/Replication

3 major experiments in confirming dna is the genetic material from lvilleDrFox

and

Homework for Saturday Jan 26.

Please read pgs 634-647 in your textbook and answer the following questions.

1. Where does chemical digestion start?


2.  What are the 4 stages of food processing (digestion) in the order they happen?



3. What is the function of the liver?



4. Describe the results of digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats




5. How does the structure of the small intestine match it's function?



6. Why are certain amino acids considered essential?




6.What is wrong with the following statement:
Digestion is completed in the large intestine.

We are starting the digestive system next week. Below is the CrashCourse Video on digestion for you to review when you choose.





Remember - we will work on our case studies on saturday, so please bring your laptops!

Exercise Physiology

Finally on Monday we talked about the physiological effects of exercise. This included

Stroke Volume

Tidal Volume

Return to resting heartrate

Resting heartrate

Muscle efficiency at O2 uptake

How does each of these change with exercise and conditioning?
Stroke Volume goes up
Tidal Volume goes up
Return goes down
Resting rate goes down
Muscle efficiency goes up
Muscle Mass goes up

How could we design an experiment to test changes in our circulatory system?
Ideas could include changes in:
Duration
Frequency
Intensity
Mode
Diet
Hydration

You must design an experiment to test one of these ideas.

Hypothesis (If..Then..Because)
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Controls
Constants
Replicates

Monday - more circulatory!

Homework: Case Study and NYT article (on slideshare at the bottom - you do not need to answer the questions yet.)


Today we focused on the parts of the blood and their structure/function.

Plasma - Liquid portion of the blood (made up of water). Carries O2, CO2, nutrients (one such nutrient is glucose), hormones (chemical messengers), waste, viruses. Function: flow through out the body bringing needed components to all parts of the body. Transport

Red Blood Cells. - No nuclei, round and smooth. Dipped in the middle. Function - transport O2 which sits on the cell. Dip increases surface area. O2 is attracted to Iron in RBCs

White Blood Cells - round when not working, changes shape to 'engulf' and 'kill' off things like bacteria/viruses. Function - fight infection.

Platelets - Parts of cells used for clotting.

Below is a video that discusses the parts of blood. Remember to be able to tell me where things are coming from or going to when diffusing into/out of the blood stream.

Homework  

More on the circulatory system and Homework for Saturday

Homework For Saturday:
Vital Signs Post Lab. Your data is under the Jan 8. Resource (Week 4) on your veracross website.

On Thursday we delved further into the circulatory system by comparing other types of organisms circulatory/respiratory systems to humans.

Worm: Through the skin, directly into bloodstream, 5 "hearts"
Cricket: Has a respiratory surface but no capillaries
Fish: Gills for gas exchange (high surface area) and into the capillaries from the gills, 2 chambered heart, and hey a fish DOES have 2 types of capillaries!

Raccoon: 4 chambers, lungs and circulatory system similar to humans

We looked at the connection between the respiratory system and the circulatory system (Where and Why are the connected?). We talked a bit about the excretory system as well (how we remove nitrogenous waste from our body).

We started to determine structure and function and the pathway of blood.
Left Ventricle - the most muscle (Can you answer why it needs this?), largest chamber, carries oxygenated blood (WHY?).
Aorta- The largest arteries. Why is it an artery? Where does it go?
Remember Aorta - systemic arteries (one of these is the carotid) ->systemic arterioles -> systemic capillaries (what type of blood do these have?)

We will continue to trace the path and talk about structure/function saturday, but in the mean time here is an abridged video of the path (what parts is it missing?)



We started talking about the make up of blood
Plasma - the liquid portion (why do you need a liquid?)
RBC -red blood cells (what do these do?)
WBC - white blood cells
Below is a link to a quick "game" on the circulatory system. Some questions we've gone over others are not as detailed, but feel free to try!
Circ. Game

A new year, a new system!

Today we started on the circulatory system by taking a brief reading quiz. Based on this, you should review your notes from you textbook and add any additional ideas/thoughts you missed.  We started a list of organs and tissues involved in the circulatory system:

Blood (RBC, WBC, Plasma)
Heart (Ventricles, Atria (Plural for Atrium))
      Left Ventricle - most muscular, under high pressure, pumps blood to rest of body, largest chamber
      Right Atrium - smallest, less muscular, under low pressure
      we will discuss the others as we move on
Veins - carry blood to the heart! have valves so blood doesn't flow backwards, thinner and less muscular
Venuoles - small veins
Arteries - carry blood away from the heart, thick and muscular, no valves, under high pressure
Arterioles - small arteries
Capillaries -where gas exchange occurs

Homework for tonight: Read entire lab and answer questions on pages 1-5. Below is also a video about Blood Pressure

4 vital signs lab from lvilleDrFox

Saturday! Updates

Today we worked on our case studies and many of you are looking good in your diagnoses. Your reasoning is getting better with each question asked!

Your homework is to do another case study question (and watch the video if you've not already!). Remember you can start working on test revisions as well!

Homework for Saturday

Welcome Back!!  We will be starting the Circulatory System this week. Saturday we will work on Case Studies Saturday. Your homework is to watch the rest of the circulatory and respiratory video below (starting at 5:33).

Please read the following pages and take notes! 654, 655, 658, 659. (BIG HINT: take GOOD notes!)

Homework questions for Monday

After you've read the article from the NYTimes post found :HERE. Answer the following questions. You may type and email me your answers as well. (Don't forget to also read the case study handout!)

1. What is the claim?


2. What is the evidence to support the claim?



3. Where was the original research published? (what journal?) Is it reputable/why?



4. Were there problems with the study and if so what were they?



5. Do you believe the research and why?



6. How do you think this is related to what you know now about the respiratory system?

Mice on Ice-Homework for Saturday

Your homework for Saturday is to complete the Mice on Ice! homeostasis postlab.  The data is on VC or you can download it below from slideshare. I've already done the graphs for you for times sake.

Homework For Thursday

You have a quiz on Thursday so your homework is to study

Topics:

Homeostasis

Feedback Loops

Respiratory System

Homework for Tuesday Dec 4

Your homework for tomorrow is to read and answer the embedded prelab questions. Don't forget to read through the website I gave you last week for your quiz tomorrow.

1 mouse homeostasis lab from lvilleDrFox

Homework for Monday

Your homework for Monday is to read the Breathing handout from HowStuffWorks and answer the questions.

Breathing reading from how stuff works from lvilleDrFox

Tomorrow we will be starting the respiratory system.

Homework for Saturday Dec 1

You're homework for saturday is to visit the wesbite Think Bank-Homeostasis and read until you get to 'Play the game'. Please take notes while you are doing so.